Understanding Electron Affinity Concepts

The video tutorial explains electron affinity, using an analogy of Mr. Tom buying a cell phone to illustrate the concept. It describes how atoms, like chlorine, gain electrons and release energy, defining this process as electron affinity. The tutorial covers higher and lower electron affinity, noting that non-metals generally have higher affinity than metals. It also discusses periodic trends, explaining why electron affinity increases across periods and decreases down groups, using examples like chlorine and mercury. The video concludes with exam questions on these trends.

What is electron affinity in terms of energy?

• Energy absorbed when an atom loses an electron

• Energy required to remove an electron from an atom

• Energy released when an atom gains an electron

• Energy absorbed when an atom gains a proton

In the analogy with Mr. Tom, what does the cell phone represent?

• A molecule

• A neutron

• A proton

• An electron

What happens to chlorine when it gains an electron?

• It loses energy

• It becomes a neutral atom

• It becomes positively charged

• It gains energy

What does a negative sign in electron affinity indicate?

• No energy change

• Energy is lost to the surroundings

• Energy is absorbed

• Energy is gained from the surroundings

Which type of elements generally have higher electron affinity?

• Alkali metals

• Noble gases

• Metals

• Non-metals

What does higher electron affinity mean for an element?

• It has a stable electron configuration

• It does not react with other elements

• It easily gains electrons

• It easily loses electrons

How does electron affinity change across a period?

• It fluctuates randomly

• It decreases

• It remains constant

• It increases

Why does electron affinity increase across a period?

• Atomic size increases

• Atomic size decreases

• More electron shells are added

• Nuclear charge decreases

What happens to electron affinity down a group?

• It becomes zero

• It remains the same

• It decreases

• It increases

Which element is known to have the highest electron affinity?

• Sodium

• Helium

• Chlorine

• Mercury