This video tutorial covers the transfer of matter and energy in ecosystems, focusing on Earth's spheres: atmosphere, geosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere. It explains decomposition, cellular respiration, and the carbon and nitrogen cycles, including photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. The water cycle and fossil fuels are discussed, highlighting processes like evaporation and precipitation. The video emphasizes nutrient recycling, energy flow in trophic levels, and the concept of biomass, providing a comprehensive understanding of ecosystem dynamics.

What is the term for the layer of gases surrounding our planet?

• Hydrosphere

• Biosphere

• Geosphere

• Atmosphere

Which organisms are primarily responsible for breaking down dead matter?

• Herbivores

• Carnivores

• Decomposers

• Plants

What process do plants use to convert carbon dioxide into oxygen?

• Transpiration

• Combustion

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular Respiration

Which process involves bacteria converting nitrogen in the air to a form usable by plants?

• Combustion

• Transpiration

• Nitrogen Fixation

• Photosynthesis

What is the term for water vapor turning into liquid and forming clouds?

• Precipitation

• Condensation

• Transpiration

• Evaporation

How do animals primarily obtain nitrogen?

• Drinking water

• Photosynthesis

• Eating other organisms

• Breathing it in

Which type of producer can create food without sunlight?

• Photosynthesizers

• Herbivores

• Carnivores

• Chemosynthesizers

What percentage of energy is typically transferred from one trophic level to the next?

• 10%

• 90%

• 5%

• 50%

What is the term for the total mass of living matter in a given area?

• Geosphere

• Biosphere

• Biomass

• Hydrosphere

Why can't there be an unlimited number of trophic levels in an ecosystem?

• Too many predators

• Lack of space

• Limited water

• Insufficient energy