DNA Structure and Function Concepts

Miss Malls introduces the components of a cell, focusing on the nucleus and chromosomes. She explains the structure of DNA and the importance of nitrogen bases, including adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine, and their pairing rules. The video also covers mutations, their potential effects, and the role of genes. The lesson concludes with a review of the key concepts discussed.

What is the primary function of the nucleus in a cell?

• To transport nutrients

• To protect the cell

• To store genetic material

• To produce energy

Chromosomes are primarily composed of which of the following?

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Lipids

• DNA strands

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogen base found in DNA?

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Uracil

• Cytosine

What mnemonic can help you remember the pairing of adenine and thymine?

• Apple to Tree

• Car to Garage

• Sun to Moon

• Fish to Water

Which nitrogen base pairs with cytosine in DNA?

• Uracil

• Guanine

• Adenine

• Thymine

Which of the following is a correct base pairing in DNA?

• Thymine with Cytosine

• Guanine with Thymine

• Adenine with Guanine

• Cytosine with Guanine

What is a possible outcome of a mutation in DNA?

• It has no effect on the organism

• It can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

• It always causes a disease

• It only affects physical appearance

What is the role of genes within DNA?

• To protect against viruses

• To store instructions for protein synthesis

• To transport oxygen

• To provide energy to cells

What happens if adenine is incorrectly paired with another adenine?

• It forms a strong bond

• It has no effect

• It creates a new nitrogen base

• It results in a mutation

What is the significance of nitrogen bases in DNA?

• They protect the DNA strand

• They are used for energy storage

• They determine the genetic code

• They provide structural support