DNA Structure and Function Concepts

The video tutorial provides an in-depth look at DNA, explaining its significance as the secret to life. It covers the structure of DNA, describing the double helix shape and the role of nucleotides. The tutorial also introduces other nucleic acids like RNA and ATP, and details the components of nucleotides: phosphate, sugar, and base. It explains the concept of complementary base pairing, where purines pair with pyrimidines, and describes the antiparallel arrangement of DNA strands held together by phosphodiester bonds.

What is the primary role of DNA in living organisms?

• To transport nutrients

• To provide energy

• To protect cells from damage

• To store genetic information

What is the shape of a DNA molecule?

• Double helix

• Quadruple helix

• Single helix

• Triple helix

Which of the following is NOT a nucleic acid?

• ATP

• Glucose

• RNA

• DNA

What sugar is found in the structure of DNA?

• Ribose

• Deoxyribose

• Glucose

• Fructose

Which bases are classified as purines?

• Thymine and Cytosine

• Adenine and Guanine

• Cytosine and Guanine

• Adenine and Thymine

What type of bond links nucleotides together in a DNA strand?

• Covalent bond

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Phosphodiester bond

In DNA, which base pairs with adenine?

• Cytosine

• Uracil

• Thymine

• Guanine

How many hydrogen bonds form between cytosine and guanine?

• One

• Two

• Three

• Four

What does the term 'antiparallel' refer to in DNA structure?

• The opposite orientation of the two DNA strands

• The identical orientation of the two DNA strands

• The parallel orientation of the two DNA strands

• The perpendicular orientation of the two DNA strands

What is the significance of the 5' to 3' direction in DNA?

• It indicates the direction of DNA replication

• It shows the direction of protein synthesis

• It represents the direction of RNA transcription

• It marks the direction of nucleotide addition