Immune System Function and Response

The video explains the immune system's response to pathogens, starting with the innate immune system's initial defense mechanisms, including mast cells and dendritic cells. It describes how the body recognizes pathogens and initiates an inflammatory response. The role of neutrophils and dendritic cells in phagocytosis and antigen presentation is highlighted. The transition from innate to adaptive immunity is explained, focusing on T-cell and B-cell activation and their specific roles in fighting infections. The video concludes with a summary of the immune response and the importance of memory cells in providing a faster and stronger response upon reinfection.

What is the primary role of mast cells in the innate immune response?

• To produce antibodies

• To release histamine and heparin

• To engulf pathogens

• To present antigens to T-cells

How do neutrophils attack pathogens?

• By producing antibodies

• Through phagocytosis, degranulation, and NETs

• By releasing histamine

• By presenting antigens

What is the function of dendritic cells in the immune system?

• To produce antibodies

• To release histamine

• To link the innate and adaptive immune systems

• To destroy infected cells

Which type of T-cell is responsible for directly attacking infected cells?

• Cytotoxic T-cells

• Regulatory T-cells

• Helper T-cells

• Memory T-cells

What is the role of regulatory T-cells in the immune response?

• To regulate and prevent excessive immune reactions

• To enhance the immune response

• To directly attack pathogens

• To produce antibodies

How are B-cells activated?

• By binding to free-floating antigens or through T-cell help

• By producing cytokines

• By releasing histamine

• By engulfing pathogens

What happens to B-cells with decreased affinity for an antigen?

• They become memory B-cells

• They differentiate into plasma cells

• They undergo apoptosis

• They produce antibodies

What is the primary function of plasma cells?

• To present antigens

• To produce antibodies

• To regulate the immune response

• To engulf pathogens

What is the role of memory B-cells in the immune system?

• To produce antibodies during the first infection

• To directly attack pathogens

• To regulate the immune response

• To store antibodies for faster response upon reinfection

What is the primary immune response?

• The response to a second exposure to a pathogen

• The initial response to a first exposure to a pathogen

• The production of antibodies by plasma cells

• The regulation of the immune response by Tregs