Macromolecules and Biochemical Reactions

This lesson by Miss Romani introduces the chemistry of life, focusing on biochemistry and the role of carbon in forming macromolecules. It explains the importance of functional groups in biological molecules and details the processes of polymerization, dehydration synthesis, and hydrolysis, which are crucial for building and breaking down macromolecules.

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main macromolecules discussed in the lesson?

• Vitamins

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

What percentage of the human body is made up of water?

• 50%

• 80%

• 60%

• 70%

Why is carbon considered the backbone of biochemistry?

• It can form four bonds with other atoms.

• It is the most abundant element on Earth.

• It can only form single bonds.

• It is the largest atom.

What is the term for molecules made up of carbon and hydrogen?

• Inorganic molecules

• Hydrocarbons

• Salts

• Ionic compounds

Which functional group is responsible for the solubility of sugar in water?

• Phosphate

• Amino

• Carboxyl

• Hydroxyl

What is the process called that assembles monomers into polymers?

• Hydrolysis

• Condensation

• Polymerization

• Oxidation

What type of reaction involves the removal of water to form bonds?

• Hydrolysis

• Combustion

• Reduction

• Dehydration synthesis

Which reaction is used to break down polymers into monomers?

• Hydrolysis

• Photosynthesis

• Fermentation

• Dehydration synthesis

What is the role of enzymes in dehydration synthesis reactions?

• They prevent the reaction.

• They are consumed in the reaction.

• They act as catalysts.

• They provide energy.

In hydrolysis, what is added to break a bond?

• Nitrogen

• Carbon

• Oxygen

• Water