Gibbs Free Energy and Equilibrium

The video tutorial by Ms. Cem explores the concept of Gibbs free energy and its relationship with equilibrium. It explains how the free energy of a spontaneous reaction decreases until it reaches equilibrium, where the Gibbs free energy is at a minimum. The tutorial covers the equation relating Gibbs free energy change to the equilibrium constant and demonstrates a calculation example. It compares different reactions based on their Gibbs free energy changes and equilibrium constants, highlighting the differences between spontaneous and non-spontaneous reactions. The video concludes with a summary of how the sign and magnitude of Gibbs free energy change affect the equilibrium constant and the composition of the equilibrium mixture.

What happens to the free energy of a spontaneous reaction as it progresses from pure reactants to pure products?

• It increases until it reaches a maximum value.

• It fluctuates randomly.

• It decreases until it reaches a minimum value.

• It remains constant throughout the reaction.

At what point is a reaction considered to be at equilibrium?

• When entropy is at a minimum.

• When temperature is at its highest.

• When Gibbs free energy is at a minimum.

• When Gibbs free energy is at a maximum.

Which of the following is NOT a component of the equation relating Gibbs free energy change to the equilibrium constant?

• Temperature in Kelvin

• Natural log of the equilibrium constant

• Pressure of the system

• Universal gas constant

In the example calculation, what is the value of the equilibrium constant K at 298 Kelvin?

• 32.9 KJ per mole

• 13.3

• 1.0

• 5.97 * 10^5

How does a large positive standard change in Gibbs free energy affect the equilibrium constant?

• It makes the equilibrium constant negative.

• It has no effect on the equilibrium constant.

• It results in a small equilibrium constant.

• It results in a large equilibrium constant.

What is the relationship between a negative standard change in Gibbs free energy and the equilibrium constant?

• The equilibrium constant is greater than one.

• The equilibrium constant is zero.

• The equilibrium constant is less than one.

• The equilibrium constant is equal to one.

For a spontaneous reaction at equilibrium, what does the equilibrium mixture mostly contain?

• Equal amounts of reactants and products

• Mostly reactants

• No reactants or products

• Mostly products

In a non-spontaneous reaction at equilibrium, where does the equilibrium lie?

• To the right

• It fluctuates

• To the left

• In the center

What is the equilibrium constant K when the standard Gibbs free energy change is zero?

• Greater than one

• Zero

• Less than one

• Equal to one

Which of the following statements is true for a non-spontaneous reaction with a positive Gibbs free energy change?

• The equilibrium mixture will contain mostly products.

• The equilibrium constant K will be greater than one.

• The reaction will proceed without external energy.

• The equilibrium constant K will be less than one.