DNA Replication and Complementarity

The video tutorial covers DNA replication, starting with an introduction to the topic and its importance in the cell cycle. It explains the structure of DNA, focusing on the double helix model by Watson and Crick, and the base pairing rules according to Chargaff. The tutorial discusses how DNA strands are complementary and how one strand can serve as a template for the other. A practical exercise is included to demonstrate base pairing. The process of DNA replication is detailed, highlighting its occurrence during the S phase of the cell cycle. The video concludes with a summary and a preview of the next lesson.

What is the primary purpose of DNA replication in the cell cycle?

• To create new proteins

• To copy genetic material before cell division

• To repair damaged DNA

• To produce energy for the cell

Who proposed the double helix model of DNA?

• Chargaff and Avery

• Mendel and Darwin

• Watson and Crick

• Franklin and Wilkins

What does it mean for DNA strands to be complementary?

• They are unrelated

• They are identical

• They are mirror images

• They complete each other

According to base pairing rules, which base pairs with adenine (A)?

• Thymine (T)

• Cytosine (C)

• Uracil (U)

• Guanine (G)

If a DNA strand has the sequence AGCT, what will be the sequence of the complementary strand?

• GCTA

• CGAT

• AGCT

• TCGA

What role does a template strand play in DNA replication?

• It is discarded after replication

• It is used to produce proteins

• It is converted into RNA

• It serves as a guide to build a new complementary strand

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

• S phase

• G2 phase

• G1 phase

• M phase

Why is it important for each new cell to have a complete set of identical DNA?

• To ensure genetic diversity

• To speed up cell division

• To maintain cellular function and identity

• To increase mutation rates

What is the significance of the S phase in the cell cycle?

• It is when the cell divides

• It is when DNA is replicated

• It is when the cell rests

• It is when the cell grows

What is the result of DNA replication?

• Two different DNA molecules

• One new and one old DNA molecule

• One RNA and one DNA molecule

• Two identical DNA molecules