Electron Configuration and Orbital Principles

Mrs. Basin explains electron arrangements, focusing on orbital diagrams and electron configurations. She covers the Aufbau principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle, and Hund's Rule, using examples of lithium, boron, and carbon to illustrate electron filling and configuration notation.

What is the primary purpose of an orbital diagram?

• To show the number of protons in an atom

• To illustrate the chemical properties of an element

• To represent the arrangement of electrons in orbitals

• To display the atomic mass of an element

Which principle helps determine the order in which orbitals are filled?

• Hund's Rule

• Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

• Pauli Exclusion Principle

• Aufbau Principle

According to Hund's Rule, how do electrons fill degenerate orbitals?

• They pair up in each orbital before moving to the next

• They fill one orbital completely before moving to the next

• They spread out across orbitals before pairing up

• They fill orbitals in random order

What does the Pauli Exclusion Principle state about electrons in the same orbital?

• They must be in different energy levels

• They must have opposite spins

• They must be in different orbitals

• They must have the same spin

How many electrons does lithium have, and how are they arranged in the orbital diagram?

• 3 electrons; 2s² 2p¹

• 3 electrons; 1s² 2s¹

• 3 electrons; 1s² 2p¹

• 3 electrons; 1s¹ 2s²

What is the electron configuration notation for boron?

• 1s² 2s² 2p¹

• 1s² 2s² 2p²

• 1s² 2p²

• 1s² 2s¹ 2p²

How does electron configuration notation differ from orbital diagrams?

• It uses arrows instead of numbers

• It uses numbers in superscript to indicate electrons

• It shows the atomic mass

• It displays the chemical properties

What is the electron configuration for carbon?

• 1s² 2s¹ 2p³

• 1s² 2s² 2p¹

• 1s² 2s² 2p²

• 1s² 2p⁴

In electron configuration notation, how are orbitals with the same energy level combined?

• They are listed in reverse order

• They are ignored

• They are combined into a single notation

• They are listed separately

Which of the following is a correct electron configuration for an element with six electrons?

• 1s² 2s² 2p³

• 1s² 2s² 2p²

• 1s² 2s¹ 2p³

• 1s² 2p⁴