Pyruvate Oxidation and Glycolysis Concepts

This video tutorial covers the first two stages of cellular respiration: glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation. Glycolysis, an ancient metabolic pathway, occurs in the cytosol and involves the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH. The process is divided into energy investment and energy yielding phases. Pyruvate oxidation occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, converting pyruvate into acetyl CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle. The video concludes with a preview of the next lesson on the citric acid cycle.

What is the primary characteristic of glycolysis that makes it suitable for ancient bacteria?

• It requires oxygen.

• It occurs in the mitochondria.

• It is anaerobic.

• It produces water.

Which enzyme regulates the third step of glycolysis?

• Phosphofructokinase

• Pyruvate kinase

• Aldolase

• Hexokinase

During the energy investment phase of glycolysis, how many ATP molecules are used?

• Four

• Three

• Two

• One

What is the net gain of ATP molecules at the end of glycolysis?

• Three

• Two

• Four

• One

What molecule is reduced to form NADH during glycolysis?

• FAD

• NAD+

• ADP

• ATP

Where does pyruvate oxidation occur within the cell?

• Cytosol

• Mitochondrial matrix

• Nucleus

• Endoplasmic reticulum

What is the first product formed when pyruvate enters the mitochondrial matrix?

• Carbon dioxide

• Acetate

• Acetyl CoA

• NADH

How many carbon atoms are lost as carbon dioxide during pyruvate oxidation?

• One

• Four

• Two

• Three

What is added to acetate to form acetyl CoA?

• FAD

• Coenzyme A

• NAD+

• Coenzyme Q

What are the final products of pyruvate oxidation?

• Two acetyl CoA, two CO2, and two NADH

• Two pyruvate, two water, and two ATP

• Two pyruvate, two CO2, and two ATP

• Two acetyl CoA, two water, and two NADH