Atomic Structure and Electron Behavior

The video tutorial covers the electron cloud model proposed by Schrodinger, explaining how electrons are distributed in orbitals around the nucleus. It describes the shapes of different orbitals, including S and P orbitals, and discusses the stability of noble gases like neon. The concept of ground and excited states is introduced, highlighting how electrons release energy when returning to the ground state. The tutorial also demonstrates building nitrogen isotopes, emphasizing the role of protons, neutrons, and atomic mass.

What is the primary concept behind Schrodinger's electron cloud model?

• Electrons move randomly without any predictable pattern.

• Electrons orbit the nucleus like planets around the sun.

• Electrons are found in fixed positions around the nucleus.

• Electrons are likely to be found in certain regions around the nucleus.

How is the S1 orbital different from the P orbitals?

• S1 is found at higher energy levels than P orbitals.

• S1 is a dumbbell shape, while P orbitals are spherical.

• S1 is spherical, while P orbitals have a dumbbell shape.

• S1 can hold more electrons than P orbitals.

What is the maximum number of electrons that can fill the first energy level?

• Eight electrons

• Four electrons

• Two electrons

• Ten electrons

Why is neon considered a stable noble gas?

• It has more protons than electrons.

• Its energy levels are completely filled with electrons.

• It can easily gain or lose electrons.

• It has an incomplete outer energy level.

What happens when an electron in an atom returns to its ground state?

• It absorbs energy.

• It releases energy in the form of light.

• It becomes a proton.

• It moves to a higher energy level.

What is the ground state of an atom?

• The state where electrons are in the lowest possible energy levels.

• The state where electrons are randomly distributed.

• The state where protons and neutrons are equal.

• The state where all electrons are in the highest energy levels.

How many protons does nitrogen have if its atomic number is seven?

• Fourteen neutrons

• Seven neutrons

• Fourteen protons

• Seven protons

What changes in the nucleus when an isotope is formed?

• The number of electrons changes.

• The atomic number changes.

• The number of protons changes.

• The number of neutrons changes.

What is the atomic mass of nitrogen-14?

• Seven

• Fourteen

• Twenty-one

• Twenty-eight

How many electrons does nitrogen have if its atomic number is seven?

• Fourteen electrons

• Seven electrons

• Ten electrons

• Five electrons