The video tutorial covers the concept of diffusion, explaining how substances move from high to low concentration to achieve dynamic equilibrium. It distinguishes between passive and active transport, highlighting the energy requirements for each. The tutorial delves into simple and facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and the types of solutions like hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic. It also explores transport mechanisms such as uniports, symports, and antiports, and explains the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis.

What is the primary goal of diffusion in a system?

• To create a high concentration of particles

• To achieve dynamic equilibrium

• To increase energy expenditure

• To stop particle movement

Which type of transport does not require energy?

• Exocytosis

• Active transport

• Endocytosis

• Passive transport

What is the main difference between active and passive transport?

• Active transport moves substances with the gradient

• Passive transport requires energy

• Active transport requires energy

• Passive transport moves substances against the gradient

What distinguishes facilitated diffusion from simple diffusion?

• Facilitated diffusion requires energy

• Facilitated diffusion uses transport proteins

• Simple diffusion moves particles against the gradient

• Simple diffusion requires a membrane protein

What is the role of transport proteins in facilitated diffusion?

• To provide energy for diffusion

• To assist in moving substances across the membrane

• To create a concentration gradient

• To stop the movement of ions

What is osmosis specifically concerned with?

• The diffusion of solutes

• The diffusion of water

• The movement of gases

• The movement of solids

In a hypertonic solution, what happens to a cell?

• It swells

• It shrinks

• It remains the same

• It bursts

Which type of solution causes a cell to swell?

• Hypertonic

• Isotonic

• Hypotonic

• Equitonic

What is the main function of the sodium-potassium pump?

• To move potassium ions out of the cell

• To facilitate passive transport

• To move sodium ions into the cell

• To maintain a concentration gradient

What is the process called when molecules are taken into the cell?

• Simple diffusion

• Facilitated diffusion

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis