Evolution and Natural Selection Concepts

The video explores how genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual variation, leading to evolution through natural selection. Mutations can cause genetic variation, sometimes resulting in beneficial traits that enhance survival and reproduction. Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection explains how advantageous traits are passed down, leading to species evolution. Evidence of evolution is seen in antibiotic resistance and fossil records.

What is the primary process through which new species evolve over time?

• Artificial selection

• Natural selection

• Genetic engineering

• Cloning

What term describes the observable characteristics of an individual?

• Genotype

• Chromosome

• Phenotype

• Allele

What is the main cause of genetic variation among individuals?

• Physical exercise

• Dietary habits

• Mutations

• Environmental changes

How do beneficial mutations affect an organism?

• They make organisms weaker

• They can provide survival advantages

• They have no effect

• They always cause diseases

Who coined the term 'survival of the fittest'?

• Alfred Wallace

• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

• Charles Darwin

• Gregor Mendel

What is the main idea behind natural selection?

• Survival is random

• Only the weakest individuals survive

• The fittest individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce

• All individuals survive equally

What evidence supports the theory of evolution by natural selection?

• The variety of foods we eat

• The existence of identical twins

• Antibiotic resistance in bacteria

• The presence of different climates

What happens when two populations within a species become so different that they can no longer interbreed?

• They merge into one population

• They form a new species

• They become extinct

• They remain the same species

What does the theory of evolution by natural selection imply about the origin of all living species?

• They have always existed in their current form

• They evolved from simple life forms

• They were created independently

• They appeared suddenly

How long did it take for Darwin's theory to be accepted by the scientific community?

• Immediately

• A few years

• A really long time

• It is still not accepted