Genetics and Inheritance Concepts

The video tutorial explains the structure and function of DNA, chromosomes, and genes. It discusses how genes are inherited from parents, focusing on the concept of alleles and their role in determining traits. The tutorial uses cystic fibrosis as an example to illustrate genetic inheritance and the difference between dominant and recessive alleles. It concludes with a brief introduction to genetic diagrams for understanding inheritance probabilities.

What is the primary function of DNA within cells?

• To transport nutrients

• To store instructions for traits

• To protect the cell from damage

• To provide energy for cellular processes

What is an allele?

• A type of chromosome

• A protein molecule

• A version of a gene

• A cell organelle

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

• 25

• 24

• 23

• 22

From whom do humans inherit their chromosomes?

• Only from their mother

• Only from their father

• Equally from both parents

• Randomly from any ancestor

What genetic condition is used as an example in the video?

• Sickle cell anemia

• Hemophilia

• Cystic fibrosis

• Down syndrome

What does a lowercase 'f' represent in the context of cystic fibrosis?

• A dominant allele

• A recessive allele

• A normal allele

• A mutated chromosome

What is the probability of a child inheriting cystic fibrosis if both parents are carriers?

• 10%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

What is the term for an allele that masks the effect of another allele?

• Incomplete

• Recessive

• Dominant

• Co-dominant

Which letter is used to represent a dominant allele?

• Uppercase

• Bold

• Italicized

• Lowercase

What is the significance of drawing genetic diagrams?

• To predict physical appearance

• To determine genetic probabilities

• To identify genetic mutations

• To calculate age