Volcanic Eruptions and Their Effects

Volcanic activity involves magma reaching the Earth's surface, forming volcanoes at tectonic plate boundaries. Eruptions can be explosive, effusive, or mixed, each with distinct characteristics. Post-eruption activities include fumaroles and geysers. Major eruptions like Krakatoa and Tambora have significant global impacts on climate and wildlife.

What is the primary cause of volcanic activity?

• Erosion of mountains

• Earthquakes

• Magma being ejected to the surface

• Tsunamis

Which type of volcanic eruption is known for massive explosions and pyroclastic flows?

• Explosive

• Mixed

• Effusive

• Silent

Which type of volcano is associated with effusive eruptions?

• Stratovolcano

• Composite

• Shield

• Cinder cone

What is a fumarole?

• A type of lava flow

• A volcanic rock

• A vent emitting steam and gases

• A type of explosive eruption

What is a sulfatara?

• A type of lava

• A type of volcanic rock

• An opening emitting sulfurous gases

• A discharge of carbon dioxide

How does a geyser form?

• Through the boiling of water due to magma heat

• By the accumulation of lava

• Through tectonic plate movement

• By the eruption of ash

What is a mud volcano?

• A volcano that erupts mud instead of lava

• A vent that emits sulfurous gases

• A spring that discharges hot water

• A type of explosive eruption

Which eruption dispersed 18 cubic kilometers of tephra in 1883?

• Mount Saint Helens

• Mount Etna

• Krakatoa

• Mount Tambora

What was the global impact of the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora?

• Increased volcanic activity worldwide

• Localized climate change

• No significant impact

• Global atmospheric and climate effects

Which of the following is NOT a result of volcanic eruptions?

• Mountain formation

• Tsunami generation

• Wildlife impact

• Climate change