Atomic Structure and Decay Concepts

This video tutorial explains how to write transmutation equations, which describe the decay of unstable nuclei. It covers different types of ionizing radiation, including gamma rays, alpha particles, and beta particles, and explains the isotopic notation symbols for each. The video provides a detailed example of alpha decay, showing how to write transmutation equations and emphasizing the importance of balancing atomic numbers and masses on both sides of the equation.

What is the purpose of transmutation equations?

• To describe how stable nuclei form

• To model and describe how unstable nuclei decay

• To calculate the speed of light

• To measure the temperature of stars

Which type of radiation is represented by the gamma symbol?

• Alpha particles

• Neutrons

• Beta particles

• Gamma rays

What is the charge of an alpha particle?

• 0

• +1

• +2

• -1

What is the atomic number of a beta particle?

• -1

• 0

• 2

• +1

What happens during an alpha decay?

• A beta particle is emitted

• A gamma ray is emitted

• A neutron is emitted

• An alpha particle is emitted

In the example of alpha decay, what is the original element before decay?

• Oxygen

• Helium

• Beryllium

• Carbon

After an alpha decay, what element is formed from carbon?

• Helium

• Boron

• Lithium

• Beryllium

What is the total mass of particles after the alpha decay in the example?

• 12

• 10

• 16

• 14

Why is it important that atomic numbers and masses on opposite sides of the arrow are equal?

• To predict future decay

• To maintain chemical balance

• To ensure the equation is balanced

• To ensure energy conservation

What is the total atomic number after the alpha decay in the example?

• 6

• 4

• 2

• 8