Subatomic Particles and Atomic Structure

The video tutorial explains that everything in the world is made up of atoms, which are the smallest units of elements. It covers the historical development of atomic theory from Democritus to John Dalton, who refined the concept of atoms. The structure of atoms is detailed, including protons, neutrons, and electrons, and how they form the nucleus and electron cloud. The periodic table is introduced as a tool for organizing elements by atomic number and mass. The video also discusses how atoms bond to form molecules, like water, and highlights the vast empty space within atoms.

What is the periodic table primarily used for?

• To organize all known elements by their properties

• To list all known molecules

• To display the history of chemistry

• To show the atomic mass of compounds

Who first proposed the idea that everything is made of indivisible particles?

• Albert Einstein

• Isaac Newton

• John Dalton

• Democritus

According to John Dalton, what happens if you break apart an atom of an element?

• It disappears

• It turns into energy

• It becomes a different element

• It remains the same element

What subatomic particles make up the nucleus of an atom?

• Protons and neutrons

• Electrons only

• Neutrons and electrons

• Protons and electrons

What charge do electrons carry?

• Variable

• Positive

• Negative

• Neutral

How are elements organized on the periodic table?

• By their color

• By their atomic mass

• By their atomic number

• Alphabetically

What is a molecule of water composed of?

• Two atoms of oxygen and one atom of hydrogen

• One atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen

• Two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen

• Three atoms of hydrogen

Approximately how many atoms would it take to cross a dot?

• 1,000

• 10,000

• 1 million

• 10 million

If a nucleus was the size of an apple, how far would the electrons be?

• At the edge of a city

• As close as a grain of sand

• Five whole football fields away

• Within the same room

What does the vast empty space in atoms imply about matter?

• Matter is mostly solid

• Matter is mostly empty space

• Matter is mostly liquid

• Matter is mostly gas