Digestive System Functions and Processes

The video discusses the digestive system, covering assessment statements 611 to 617. It explains the necessity of breaking down large food molecules into usable forms through enzymes, which lower activation energy for reactions. The video details enzyme sources, substrates, and optimal pH conditions, and includes a diagram of the digestive system. It outlines the functions of the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, and distinguishes between absorption and assimilation. Finally, it explains how the structure of villi enhances nutrient absorption.

Why is it necessary to break down large food molecules during digestion?

• To store them as fat

• To increase the size of food particles

• To transform them into forms usable by the body

• To convert them into energy directly

What is the primary role of enzymes in the digestive process?

• To break down enzymes themselves

• To slow down the digestion process

• To reduce the activation energy required for reactions

• To increase the temperature of the body

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down starch into maltose and glucose?

• Pancreatic lipase

• Pepsin

• Salivary amylase

• Lactase

Where is pepsin most active in the digestive system?

• Mouth

• Stomach

• Small intestine

• Large intestine

What is the optimal pH for pancreatic lipase activity?

• Acidic

• Variable

• Neutral

• Basic

Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

• Small intestine

• Esophagus

• Stomach

• Large intestine

What is the main function of the large intestine?

• Break down proteins

• Absorb nutrients

• Produce digestive enzymes

• Remove water from undigested food

What is the role of villi in the small intestine?

• To produce bile

• To secrete digestive enzymes

• To increase surface area for absorption

• To transport waste

How does the structure of villi aid in digestion?

• By increasing the surface area for nutrient absorption

• By storing excess nutrients

• By producing digestive acids

• By decreasing the surface area for faster digestion

What is the difference between absorption and assimilation in digestion?

• Absorption is a chemical process, while assimilation is a physical process

• Absorption involves breaking down food, while assimilation involves storing it

• Absorption occurs in the stomach, while assimilation occurs in the mouth

• Absorption is the uptake of nutrients into the bloodstream, while assimilation is the use of these nutrients by body cells