Atomic Structure and Electron Behavior

The video tutorial explains the concept of atoms as the smallest particles of elements, highlighting their structure according to the Bohr model, which includes a nucleus surrounded by electrons. It discusses the unique atomic structures of elements, using hydrogen as an example, and explains the role of valence electrons in chemical reactions and ionization. The tutorial also covers energy levels and electron distribution in shells, providing a formula to calculate the maximum number of electrons in each shell.

What is the smallest particle of an element that retains its characteristics?

• Proton

• Atom

• Molecule

• Electron

According to the Bohr model, what surrounds the nucleus of an atom?

• Neutrons

• Protons

• Ions

• Electrons

What particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

• Protons and ions

• Electrons and protons

• Protons and neutrons

• Neutrons and electrons

Which element is made from atoms containing just one proton and one electron?

• Helium

• Oxygen

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

What does the atomic number of an element represent?

• Number of neutrons

• Number of protons

• Number of electrons

• Number of ions

Where are valence electrons located in an atom?

• In the middle shell

• In the innermost shell

• In the nucleus

• In the outermost shell

What happens when a valence electron gains enough energy to escape the atom?

• It becomes a neutron

• It forms a new atom

• It becomes a free electron

• It becomes a proton

What is the process of losing a valence electron called?

• Stabilization

• Neutralization

• Ionization

• Polarization

What determines the energy level of an electron in an atom?

• Its size

• Its speed

• Its distance from the nucleus

• Its charge

How can the maximum number of electrons in a shell be calculated?

• Using the formula n = N/2

• Using the formula n = 2N^2

• Using the formula n = N^2

• Using the formula n = 2N