Nutrition and Adaptations in Organisms

The video tutorial covers ecological niches in IB Biology, explaining the roles species play in ecosystems and the concept of fundamental and realized niches. It discusses the oxygen requirements of organisms, photosynthesis, and different types of nutrition. The tutorial also explores how diet affects dentition and the adaptations of plants and animals for survival. Finally, it addresses competition within ecological niches and how species interact.

What is the primary difference between a fundamental niche and a realized niche?

• A realized niche is the potential range without competitors.

• A fundamental niche is smaller than a realized niche.

• A fundamental niche includes the actual conditions a species lives in.

• A realized niche is the actual range occupied due to competition.

Which type of organism requires a continuous supply of oxygen to survive?

• Facultative anaerobes

• Obligate aerobes

• Obligate anaerobes

• Mixotrophs

In which domains of life does photosynthesis occur?

• Only in bacteria

• All three domains

• Only in eukaryotes

• In plants, algae, and some bacteria

What is a key characteristic of saprotrophic nutrition?

• External digestion of organic matter

• Mixotrophic nutrition

• Internal digestion of food

• Photosynthesis

Which type of nutrition involves organisms producing their own food?

• Heterotrophic

• Autotrophic

• Saprotrophic

• Holotrophic

What is a characteristic of phototrophic ARA?

• They absorb light energy via pigments other than chlorophyll.

• They use chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

• They oxidize inorganic materials.

• They rely on organic carbon compounds.

How does diet affect the dentition of herbivores compared to omnivores?

• Omnivores have no incisors.

• Herbivores have large, flat teeth for chewing plants.

• Omnivores have only flat teeth for grinding.

• Herbivores have sharper teeth for cutting meat.

What adaptation helps vampire bats feed on their prey?

• Camouflage

• Venom production

• Large incisors and canines

• Tubular mouthparts

Which adaptation allows plants in jungles to compete for light?

• Having tubular mouthparts

• Growing a dominant leading shoot

• Producing toxins

• Developing thorns

What is a common adaptation in prey to avoid predators?

• Producing venom

• Camouflage

• Developing large incisors

• Growing rapidly