DNA Structure and Function Concepts

The video tutorial features Dr. Ruth Tenon discussing molecular genetics at Shmoop Global Headquarters. It covers the structure and function of DNA, including its components like nucleotides, phosphate groups, and nitrogen bases. The tutorial explains the term deoxyribonucleic acid and its significance in genetic coding. It also describes how DNA functions as a biological blueprint, coding for RNA and ultimately proteins, which are essential for cellular functions and traits.

What is Dr. Ruth Tenon's primary research focus?

• Curing cancer

• Developing new vaccines

• Studying plant genetics

• Creating artificial intelligence

What are the three main components of a nucleotide?

• Water, salt, mineral

• Enzyme, hormone, vitamin

• Protein, lipid, carbohydrate

• Nitrogen base, phosphate group, sugar

What role does the phosphate group play in DNA?

• Binds to proteins

• Provides energy for cells

• Acts as a genetic code

• Forms the backbone of DNA

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogen base found in DNA?

• Adenine

• Cytosine

• Thymine

• Uracil

What does 'deoxy' in deoxyribonucleic acid mean?

• Missing an oxygen

• Containing extra oxygen

• Having a double bond

• Being acidic

What is the primary function of DNA?

• To transport nutrients

• To protect cells from damage

• To provide energy

• To store genetic information

How many chromosomes do humans inherit from each parent?

• 46

• 24

• 23

• 12

What process converts DNA into RNA?

• Replication

• Translation

• Transcription

• Mutation

What are proteins primarily responsible for in cells?

• Storing genetic information

• Providing energy

• Performing work and forming structures

• Transporting oxygen

What is the intermediate molecule between DNA and proteins?

• Vitamin

• Lipid

• RNA

• Carbohydrate