Cell Structure and Function Concepts

The video explains the structures of animal, plant, and bacterial cells, highlighting the unique components of each. Animal cells have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria. Plant cells share these structures but also have a cell wall, vacuole, and chloroplasts for photosynthesis. Bacterial cells lack a nucleus and have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan. The video also compares light and electron microscopes, emphasizing their differences in magnification and detail.

What is the primary function of the cell membrane in animal cells?

• To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell

• To synthesize proteins

• To produce energy

• To store genetic material

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in animal cells?

• Cytoplasm

• Ribosomes

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

What additional structure do plant cells have that provides support and maintains shape?

• Cell wall

• Vacuole

• Cell membrane

• Chloroplast

What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

• To store water

• To synthesize proteins

• To absorb light for photosynthesis

• To provide structural support

How is the genetic material organized in bacterial cells?

• Freely suspended in the cytoplasm

• Packaged into chromosomes

• Stored in mitochondria

• Contained within a nucleus

What substance makes up the cell wall of bacterial cells?

• Glucose

• Chlorophyll

• Peptidoglycan

• Cellulose

What is the function of flagella in bacterial cells?

• To store nutrients

• To synthesize proteins

• To perform photosynthesis

• To aid in movement

What is the maximum magnification typically achieved by a light microscope?

• 10,000 times

• 1,500 times

• 100,000 times

• 500,000 times

Which type of microscope provides greater detail and higher magnification?

• Simple microscope

• Compound microscope

• Electron microscope

• Light microscope

What can an electron microscope reveal that a light microscope cannot?

• The overall shape of cells

• The detailed structure within organelles

• The color of cells

• The movement of cells