U.S. History: Social Reforms and Movements

The video explores the Progressive Movement in the early 1900s, highlighting its goals to address social issues from the Gilded Age through new ideas and efficient government. It compares progressivism with populism, emphasizing the role of middle-class reformers. Muckrakers and naturalist novelists played key roles in raising awareness about social injustices. The Social Gospel Movement applied Christian ethics to social problems, while settlement houses provided community support. Workplace reforms followed the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, and democratic reforms aimed to make government more accountable.

What was a key difference between Progressivism and Populism?

• Progressivism was primarily a religious movement, while Populism was secular.

• Progressivism focused on rural issues, while Populism focused on urban issues.

• Progressivism aimed to maintain the status quo, while Populism sought radical change.

• Progressivism was led by middle-class citizens, while Populism was led by workers and farmers.

Who coined the term 'muckrakers' to describe reform-minded journalists?

• Upton Sinclair

• Theodore Roosevelt

• Jane Addams

• Woodrow Wilson

Which novel by Upton Sinclair exposed the unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry?

• The History of Standard Oil

• The Shame of the Cities

• The Jungle

• The Octopus

What was the primary goal of the Social Gospel Movement?

• To support industrial growth

• To promote scientific advancements

• To advocate for political independence

• To apply Christian ethics to social problems

What was the purpose of settlement houses like Hull House?

• To function as religious centers

• To provide luxury housing for the wealthy

• To serve as political headquarters

• To offer community services to the urban poor

What tragic event led to significant workplace safety reforms?

• The Great Chicago Fire

• The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire

• The San Francisco Earthquake

• The Galveston Hurricane

What was the outcome of the Lochner v. New York case?

• It banned child labor nationwide.

• It upheld the 10-hour workday limit.

• It declared the 10-hour workday limit unconstitutional.

• It established the first labor unions.

What is a direct primary?

• A process where party leaders select candidates

• A vote by citizens to choose nominees for a general election

• A method to recall public officials

• A system to propose new laws

What is the purpose of a referendum?

• To approve or reject existing laws

• To recall public officials

• To propose new laws

• To elect government officials

What was the Galveston Plan?

• A system to replace mayors with city commissions

• A method to regulate the meatpacking industry

• A strategy to improve urban housing

• A plan to expand settlement houses