Neuronal Function and Ion Channels

The video tutorial explains the structure and function of neurons, focusing on the resting and action membrane potentials. It describes the role of ions like sodium, potassium, and chloride in creating these potentials. The tutorial also covers the types of ion channels and the sodium-potassium pump's mechanism, which maintains the membrane potential by transporting ions across the cell membrane.

What is the primary function of neurons in the brain?

• To produce hormones

• To send signals throughout the body

• To protect the brain from injury

• To store memories

Which part of the neuron receives stimuli?

• Terminal

• Axon

• Soma

• Dendrites

What is the charge inside the cell at resting membrane potential?

• Neutral

• Negatively charged

• Varies with time

• Positively charged

Which ion is more abundant outside the cell during resting membrane potential?

• Sodium

• Chloride

• Phosphate

• Potassium

During an action potential, what happens to the charge inside the neuron?

• It becomes more negative

• It fluctuates randomly

• It becomes positive

• It remains the same

What type of ion channel opens in response to changes in voltage across the membrane?

• Passive channels

• Mechanically gated channels

• Voltage-gated channels

• Chemical channels

Which ion channel remains open at all times?

• Mechanically gated channels

• Passive channels

• Voltage-gated channels

• Sodium-potassium pump

What is the main role of the sodium-potassium pump?

• To transport nutrients into the cell

• To regulate ion concentration across the membrane

• To maintain the cell's shape

• To generate energy for the cell

How many sodium ions are pumped out of the cell by the sodium-potassium pump?

• Two

• One

• Three

• Four

What energy molecule is used by the sodium-potassium pump to function?

• NADH

• ATP

• Glucose

• FADH2