DNA Structure and Function Concepts

The video explores the discovery of DNA, highlighting key scientists and their contributions. It begins with Frederick Griffith's transformation experiments, followed by Oswald Avery's identification of nucleic acids as genetic material. Erwin Chargaff's work on DNA composition and base pairing is discussed, along with the Hershey-Chase experiment confirming DNA as genetic material. Rosalind Franklin's X-ray diffraction images paved the way for Watson and Crick's discovery of the DNA double helix structure. The video concludes with the roles of DNA in storing, copying, and transmitting genetic information.

Who was the scientist that laid the groundwork for understanding inheritance, despite not knowing about DNA?

• Erwin Chargaff

• Oswald Avery

• Gregor Mendel

• Frederick Griffith

What was the key finding from Frederick Griffith's experiments with mice?

• DNA is made of four bases

• Harmless bacteria can become disease-causing

• Bacteria can be transformed by heat

• Proteins are the genetic material

What did Oswald Avery identify as the molecule responsible for genetic transformation?

• Nucleic acid

• Lipid

• Protein

• Carbohydrate

Which scientist discovered the base pairing rules in DNA?

• Frederick Griffith

• Rosalind Franklin

• Erwin Chargaff

• Alfred Hershey

What are the four bases that make up DNA?

• Adenine, Thymine, Uracil, Guanine

• Thymine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

What did Hershey and Chase's experiments demonstrate about genetic material?

• Proteins are the genetic material

• DNA is the genetic material

• Viruses do not contain DNA

• Bacteria cannot be infected by viruses

What did the experiments of Hershey and Chase involve?

• Injecting mice with bacteria

• Using radioactive markers on viruses

• X-ray imaging of DNA

• Studying inheritance in pea plants

What technique did Rosalind Franklin use to capture images of DNA?

• Electron microscopy

• X-ray diffraction

• Nuclear magnetic resonance

• Ultrasound imaging

What structure of DNA did Watson and Crick discover with the help of Franklin's images?

• Quadruple helix

• Double helix

• Triple helix

• Single helix

Which of the following is NOT a role of DNA?

• Store information

• Copy information

• Produce energy

• Transmit information