Digestive System Histology and Functions

Professor Larry Johnson from Texas A&M University provides an in-depth look at the digestive system, focusing on the oral cavity, tongue, and esophagus. He explains the different types of papillae on the tongue, their functions, and the anatomy of the esophagus, including its layers and muscle types. The video concludes with a discussion on the transition from the esophagus to the stomach, highlighting changes in epithelial tissue.

What are the main components discussed in the introduction of the digestive system?

• Nerves, brain, and spinal cord

• Tubular structures, taste buds, and mucus

• Heart, lungs, and kidneys

• Bones, muscles, and joints

Which type of papillae on the tongue does not contain taste buds?

• Fungiform papillae

• Filiform papillae

• Circumvallate papillae

• Foliate papillae

What is the primary function of filiform papillae?

• To detect sour tastes

• To move food

• To detect sweet tastes

• To secrete saliva

What is the primary function of the glands of Ebner?

• To detect bitter tastes

• To secrete digestive enzymes

• To wash out food particles

• To produce saliva

What type of epithelium is found in the esophagus?

• Simple columnar epithelium

• Stratified squamous epithelium

• Pseudostratified epithelium

• Cuboidal epithelium

Which muscle type is predominant in the upper part of the esophagus?

• Smooth muscle

• Cardiac muscle

• Skeletal muscle

• Involuntary muscle

What change occurs in the muscle type as the esophagus transitions to the stomach?

• Smooth muscle to skeletal muscle

• Skeletal muscle to cardiac muscle

• Skeletal muscle to smooth muscle

• Cardiac muscle to smooth muscle

What type of epithelium is found in the cardiac region of the stomach?

• Stratified squamous epithelium

• Simple columnar epithelium

• Cuboidal epithelium

• Pseudostratified epithelium

Which cells are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

• Mucous cells

• Chief cells

• Parietal cells

• Goblet cells

Which region of the stomach contains cells that secrete mucus?

• Cardiac region

• Fundic region

• Pyloric region

• Body region