Nucleotide Structure and Bonding

The video tutorial covers the structure of DNA, starting with its historical discovery and focusing on nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. It explains the components of nucleotides, including phosphate groups, sugars, and nitrogenous bases. The tutorial distinguishes between different types of nucleotides and their bonding patterns, such as adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine. It also discusses purines and pyrimidines, the double helix structure of DNA, and the types of bonds involved. Finally, it covers the concept of anti-parallel strands and the major and minor grooves in DNA.

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

• Sugar molecule, lipid molecule, nitrogenous base

• Phosphate group, sugar molecule, lipid molecule

• Phosphate group, lipid molecule, nitrogenous base

• Phosphate group, sugar molecule, nitrogenous base

Which of the following is NOT a type of nucleotide in DNA?

• Cysteine

• Thymine

• Guanine

• Adenine

What is the bonding pattern between adenine and thymine?

• Adenine bonds with thymine

• Adenine bonds with guanine

• Adenine bonds with cytosine

• Adenine bonds with uracil

Which of the following are pyrimidines?

• Adenine and guanine

• Cytosine and thymine

• Guanine and cytosine

• Adenine and thymine

If a DNA sample has 21% thymine, what percentage of adenine would it have?

• 21%

• 29%

• 42%

• 58%

What is the structural form of DNA?

• Quadruple helix

• Triple helix

• Double helix

• Single helix

What type of bond holds the sugar-phosphate backbone together?

• Covalent bond

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Metallic bond

How many hydrogen bonds are there between guanine and cytosine?

• Three

• Four

• One

• Two

What does 'anti-parallel' refer to in DNA structure?

• Strands running in the same direction

• Strands running in opposite directions

• Strands that are parallel but not touching

• Strands that are perpendicular

What are the major and minor grooves in DNA?

• Regions where DNA is single-stranded

• Different types of bonds

• Types of nucleotides

• Indentations on the DNA surface