Genetic Code Redundancy and Codons

The video explains the concept of genetic code redundancy, where different codons can specify the same amino acid, and why this is important. It highlights that no codon specifies two different amino acids, providing examples like phenylalanine and alanine. The video discusses how redundancy helps mitigate the effects of mutations, making them less harmful, and introduces the concept of silent mutations. The importance of redundancy in reducing mutation impact is emphasized, concluding with a summary of the key points.

What is another term used to describe the redundancy of the genetic code?

• Singular

• Degenerate

• Unique

• Exclusive

Which of the following codons specifies the amino acid phenylalanine?

• GGC

• UUU

• CCC

• AUG

What is the rule regarding codons and the amino acids they specify?

• All codons specify the same amino acid.

• No codon specifies more than one amino acid.

• Codons do not specify amino acids.

• A codon can specify multiple amino acids.

Which position in a codon is most likely to differ when encoding the same amino acid?

• Second position

• First position

• Third position

• All positions

How many codons code for the amino acid leucine?

• Six

• Four

• Eight

• Two

Why is genetic code redundancy important in the context of mutations?

• It increases the likelihood of harmful mutations.

• It reduces the likelihood of harmful mutations.

• It has no effect on mutations.

• It causes more mutations.

What is a mutation called when the amino acid remains unchanged despite a change in the codon?

• Frameshift mutation

• Missense mutation

• Nonsense mutation

• Silent mutation

What happens if the third position of a leucine codon is changed?

• It results in a stop codon.

• It always results in a different amino acid.

• It may still code for leucine.

• It causes a frameshift mutation.

What is the main benefit of having multiple codons for a single amino acid?

• It allows for more protein diversity.

• It prevents any mutations from occurring.

• It ensures all proteins are identical.

• It helps minimize the impact of mutations.

What is the primary focus of the video?

• The function of ribosomes

• The process of transcription

• The redundancy of the genetic code

• The structure of DNA