Atomic Structure and Isotopes

This video tutorial from Free Science Lessons explains how to use atomic and mass numbers to determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in atoms. It covers the concept of isotopes, which are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, and ions, which are atoms that have gained or lost electrons to acquire a charge. The video uses sodium as an example to illustrate these concepts and provides a brief overview of radioactivity in isotopes. The tutorial concludes with a mention of additional resources available for further study.

What do the atomic and mass numbers help you determine in an atom?

• The number of neutrons and electrons

• The number of protons, neutrons, and electrons

• The number of protons and neutrons

• The number of protons and electrons

Which subatomic particle is positively charged?

• Electron

• Neutron

• Proton

• Nucleus

What is the atomic number of sodium?

• 11

• 13

• 12

• 23

How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

• Multiply the atomic number by the mass number

• Divide the mass number by the atomic number

• Add the atomic number to the mass number

• Subtract the atomic number from the mass number

What is an isotope?

• Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

• Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons

• Atoms with the same number of electrons but different numbers of protons

• Atoms with the same number of protons and neutrons

Which of the following is true about isotopes?

• They have the same number of protons

• They are always stable

• They have the same mass number

• They have different atomic numbers

What happens to an atom when it loses an electron?

• It becomes a negative ion

• It remains neutral

• It becomes an isotope

• It becomes a positive ion

What is the charge of a sodium ion after losing one electron?

• Positive two

• Neutral

• Positive one

• Negative one

What is the term for an atom with a charge?

• Compound

• Ion

• Isotope

• Molecule

In chemistry, what happens when an atom gains an electron?

• It forms a negative ion

• It becomes a neutral atom

• It becomes an isotope

• It forms a positive ion