Cosmology and Atomic Structure Concepts

The video tutorial covers astronomy questions from the 2018 higher physics paper. It discusses evidence supporting the Big Bang Theory, including Hubble's Law and cosmic microwave background radiation. The tutorial explains how to calculate the age of the universe using Hubble's constant and addresses the concept of dark energy in the context of universe expansion. It also covers the Bohr model of the atom and the hydrogen line emission spectrum, concluding with calculations of redshift and recession velocity of distant galaxies.

Which of the following is NOT evidence supporting the Big Bang Theory?

• Abundance of heavy elements

• Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

• Hubble's Law

• Ober's Paradox

What was the main issue with the student's graph plotting Hubble's constant?

• The graph was plotted on the wrong scale

• The graph had no title

• The line of best fit was too steep

• The data points were not labeled

How can the student improve their graph to get a more accurate estimate of the universe's age?

• Add more data points

• Use a different color for the line

• Increase the graph size

• Draw a correct line of best fit

What is the formula to calculate the age of the universe using Hubble's constant?

• Age = Hubble's constant / 2

• Age = 1 / Hubble's constant

• Age = Hubble's constant x 2

• Age = Hubble's constant

What is the current estimated age of the universe?

• 5 billion years

• 13.8 billion years

• 20 billion years

• 1.6 billion years

What is believed to be causing the increasing rate of the universe's expansion?

• Dark energy

• Gravitational waves

• Dark matter

• Cosmic rays

Which feature is NOT part of the Bohr model of the atom?

• Electrons orbiting in fixed energy levels

• Protons orbiting the nucleus

• A central positively charged nucleus

• Electrons can emit energy to move to a lower level

What happens when an electron in a hydrogen atom transitions from a higher to a lower energy level?

• It emits a photon

• It gains energy

• It absorbs a photon

• It loses mass

What is the observed wavelength of the hydrogen line from a distant galaxy?

• 650 nanometers

• 661 nanometers

• 670 nanometers

• 656 nanometers

How is the redshift value used to determine the recession velocity of a galaxy?

• By adding the redshift to the speed of light

• By multiplying the redshift by the speed of light

• By dividing the redshift by the speed of light

• By subtracting the redshift from the speed of light