Electron Affinity Concepts and Trends

Dr. Hayek's video explores periodic trends in electron affinity, defining it as the energy change when an electron is added to a gaseous atom. The video discusses factors affecting electron affinity, such as distance from the nucleus, shielding effect, electron-electron repulsion, and effective nuclear charge. It explains trends across periods and down groups, highlighting exceptions like beryllium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, and chlorine. The video concludes with a call to action for viewers to like, share, and subscribe.

What is the term for the energy change when an electron is added to a gaseous atom?

• Ionization energy

• Electronegativity

• Atomic radius

• Electron affinity

Which factor does NOT affect electron affinity?

• Shielding effect

• Distance from the nucleus

• Effective nuclear charge

• Atomic mass

How does electron affinity generally change across a period from left to right?

• It decreases

• It remains constant

• It increases

• It fluctuates randomly

Why does lithium have a higher electron affinity than sodium?

• More electron-electron repulsion

• Less shielding effect

• Higher atomic mass

• Greater nuclear charge

Which element requires energy to add an electron, contrary to the general trend?

• Chlorine

• Fluorine

• Beryllium

• Oxygen

What is the main reason for the difference in electron affinity between carbon and nitrogen?

• Electron-electron repulsion

• Distance from the nucleus

• Shielding effect

• Effective nuclear charge

Which element has a higher electron affinity, nitrogen or oxygen?

• Oxygen

• Both have the same

• It depends on the isotope

• Nitrogen

Why does fluorine have a lower electron affinity than chlorine?

• More inner electrons

• Higher nuclear charge

• Greater electron-electron repulsion

• Smaller atomic radius

In which orbital is the electron added in fluorine compared to chlorine?

• 4s orbital

• 1s orbital

• 2p orbital

• 3p orbital

What effect does the increasing number of inner electrons have on chlorine's electron affinity?

• Increases shielding

• Decreases shielding

• Increases nuclear charge

• Decreases atomic radius