Atomic Radius and Calcium Ions

The video tutorial explains the differences between a neutral calcium atom and a calcium ion (Ca2+). It begins by discussing the atomic structure of calcium, highlighting that it has 20 protons and 20 electrons when neutral. The tutorial then describes how calcium loses two electrons to form a Ca2+ ion, resulting in a higher effective nuclear charge due to fewer electrons being pulled by the same number of protons. This leads to a smaller atomic radius for the calcium ion compared to the neutral atom. The video concludes with a recap of these concepts.

What is being compared in the video tutorial?

• Neutral calcium atom and calcium ion

• Calcium and magnesium

• Calcium and sodium

• Calcium ion and magnesium ion

What is the atomic number of calcium?

• 18

• 22

• 24

• 20

How many electrons does a neutral calcium atom have?

• 24

• 20

• 22

• 18

What happens to a calcium atom when it becomes a Ca2+ ion?

• It gains two electrons

• It loses two electrons

• It gains two protons

• It loses two protons

What is the charge of a calcium ion?

• 1-

• 2-

• 1+

• 2+

What is the effective nuclear charge?

• The net negative charge experienced by protons

• The total number of electrons in an atom

• The net positive charge experienced by electrons

• The total number of protons in the nucleus

How does the effective nuclear charge affect the atomic radius?

• It increases the atomic radius

• It decreases the atomic radius

• It doubles the atomic radius

• It has no effect on the atomic radius

Which has a larger atomic radius, neutral calcium or Ca2+?

• Neutral calcium

• Ca2+

• It depends on the temperature

• Both have the same atomic radius

Why does Ca2+ have a smaller atomic radius than neutral calcium?

• Because it has more protons

• Because it has fewer protons

• Because it has fewer electrons

• Because it has more electrons