Fermentation

The video explains fermentation, a process of energy production without oxygen. It starts with glycolysis, where glucose is split into pyruvate, which then turns into lactate in the absence of oxygen. This process is crucial during strenuous exercise. In microorganisms like yeast, fermentation results in alcohol and carbon dioxide. Some bacteria rely solely on fermentation for energy, as oxygen is toxic to them. Although fermentation yields less ATP than cellular respiration, it is essential when oxygen is unavailable.

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