Antibiotics

In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin by accident when mold contaminated a Petri dish, leading to the first antibiotic for medical use. This discovery drastically reduced deaths from diseases like pneumonia, tuberculosis, and diphtheria. However, antibiotics only target bacteria, not viruses. Bacteria can develop resistance through DNA changes, evolving rapidly to withstand antibiotics. This resistance is a growing issue, with new strains like MRSA emerging. Scientists must continually develop new antibiotics, and careful use is essential to stay ahead in this biological arms race.

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