The video tutorial explains the concept of the build lifecycle in Maven, detailing the steps involved in creating a JAR file for a Java project. It covers the stages of the Maven lifecycle, including validation, compilation, testing, packaging, and installation. The tutorial also demonstrates how to execute these stages using the 'MVN clean install' command in both terminal and Eclipse. Additionally, it highlights Maven's approach of 'convention over configuration' to standardize project structures and processes.

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