India: Introduction

India, located on the Indian subcontinent, is a geographically diverse country with boundaries touching the Indian Ocean, China, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. It is the second most populous nation and is expected to surpass China soon. India is culturally rich, with over 2000 ethnic groups and numerous languages and religions, predominantly Hinduism and Islam. Despite rapid economic growth and a large middle class, India faces challenges like poverty and sanitation issues. Major cities include New Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata, each with significant populations.

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