Unification and Cultural Revival During the Gupta Era

The video explores the political disunity in ancient India and the rise of the Gupta dynasty, which unified the region and contributed significantly to mathematics and religion. The Gupta era saw Hinduism's resurgence, absorbing elements of Buddhism, which eventually became a fringe religion in India. The Hindu pantheon evolved with Vishnu, Brahma, and Shiva becoming central deities. The Gupta dynasty declined due to invasions, leading to the rise of the Rajputs. Meanwhile, Islam began to spread towards India, presenting a new religious challenge.

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