Anatomy & Physiology of the Esophagus

The video explains the process of swallowing, focusing on the esophagus and its sphincters. It details how the upper esophageal sphincter, under conscious control, and the lower esophageal sphincter, under involuntary control, regulate food passage. The video also covers peristalsis, the rhythmic contraction of smooth muscle that moves food independently of gravity. It highlights the importance of the epiglottis in preventing food from entering the respiratory tract and discusses the health risks of acid reflux.

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