Belgium

Belgium is a small, low-elevation country in Western Europe with a population of 11 million, primarily Roman Catholic. It is bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany, and Luxembourg, with a short coastline along the North Sea. Belgium gained independence from the Netherlands in 1830. It was a colonial power in the 19th and 20th centuries. Today, Belgium is industrialized, with Brussels as its capital and the EU headquarters. The country is a constitutional monarchy with three main regions: Flanders, Wallonia, and Brussels. Ethnic tensions exist between French- and Dutch-speaking communities. Geographically, Belgium has a coastal plain, central plateau, and the Ardennes uplands. It has a mild maritime climate.

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