Tungsten is a grayish-white metal with atomic number 74 and symbol W. It originates from the Swedish word 'tunestent' and was first isolated from wolframite ore. Tungsten's discovery involved Carl Wilhelley and the Elullar brothers. It was used in incandescent bulbs, which were inefficient and phased out. Tungsten forms heavy metal alloys like high-speed steel, used in cutting tools. Its high melting point makes it suitable for aerospace and automotive industries. Tungsten is also used in superalloys and as a gold substitute in jewelry due to its similar density and hypoallergenic properties.

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