The Electromagnetic Spectrum

Electromagnetic radiation is present everywhere, even in space, as it doesn't need a medium to travel. It consists of electric and magnetic fields created by electron movement, forming transverse waves. The electromagnetic spectrum ranges from tiny wavelengths to kilometers, including radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. These waves can be described by wavelength or frequency. Natural sources like stars and man-made sources emit this radiation, which is useful due to its energy. As wavelength decreases, frequency and energy increase, leading to ionisation, where high-frequency waves can free electrons, creating charged ions. Electromagnetic radiation is essential for life.

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