Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan is bordered by Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran, and the Caspian Sea. Its capital is Ashkabat. The population is over 5 million, mostly ethnic Turkmen Sunni Muslims, with a minority of Russian Orthodox Christians. The country has vast natural gas and oil reserves and a history linked to the Silk Road. Politically, it transitioned from a Soviet state to a unitary presidential republic, with a history of dictatorship. The geography includes the Karakum Desert and the Caspian Sea, with a subtropical climate and mild winters.

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