1.2 Native America before Europeans

What was a key characteristic of Native American societies before European arrival?

• They were largely nomadic hunter-gatherers across the continent.

• They were organized into diverse cultures based on their environment.

• They all lived in large, centralized empires.

• They primarily relied on buffalo hunting for sustenance.

Which of the following civilizations developed large urban centers, complex political systems, and well-formed religions in Central and South America?

• Pueblo, Ute, Chinook

• Hopewell, Cahokia, Iroquois

• Aztecs, Maya, Inca

• Chumash, Apache, Sioux

What was the significance of maize cultivation for many Native American societies?

• It was primarily used for trade with European settlers.

• It led to the decline of complex irrigation systems.

• It supported economic development, settled populations, and social diversification.

• It was a crop exclusively grown by nomadic hunter-gatherers.

How did the Pueblo people differ from the Ute people in their lifestyle?

• Pueblo were nomadic hunters, while Ute were sedentary farmers.

• Pueblo were sedentary farmers, while Ute were nomadic hunter-gatherers.

• Pueblo lived in longhouses, while Ute lived in cliff dwellings.

• Pueblo relied on fishing, while Ute relied on maize cultivation.

What was a notable feature of the Cahokia people?

• They were primarily nomadic hunter-gatherers in the Great Plains.

• They built large, permanent settlements with complex governance and extensive trade networks.

• They were known for their human sacrifices to ensure fertility.

• They lived in small, egalitarian kinship-based bands.