Carbohydrates and Their Functions

What are the three elements that make up carbohydrates?

• Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

• Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Which of the following is a pentose sugar?

• Galactose

• Fructose

• Glucose

• Ribose

What is the key structural difference between alpha and beta glucose?

• The presence of a double bond

• The type of glycosidic bond they form

• The position of the hydroxyl group on the first carbon

• The number of carbon atoms

What type of reaction is used to form a disaccharide from two monosaccharides?

• Reduction

• Hydrolysis

• Oxidation

• Condensation

Which disaccharide is formed from glucose and fructose?

• Sucrose

• Cellobiose

• Maltose

• Lactose

What is the primary storage form of glucose in plants?

• Sucrose

• Cellulose

• Starch

• Glycogen

Which polysaccharide is known for its strong fibrous structure used in plant cell walls?

• Cellulose

• Glycogen

• Starch

• Chitin

What type of glycosidic bond is primarily found in amylose?

• 1-4

• 1-3

• 1-6

• 1-2

Why is cellulose difficult for many organisms to digest?

• It has strong hydrogen bonds

• It forms a spiral structure

• It is insoluble in water

• It lacks enzymes to break its bonds

Which organism relies on bacteria to help digest cellulose?

• Birds

• Ruminants

• Fish

• Humans