Understanding Stroke and Neuron Damage

What is the primary function of astrocytes in the central nervous system?

• Transmit signals between neurons

• Reinforce the blood-brain barrier

• Generate ATP for energy

• Break down proteins in neurons

During a stroke, what metabolic process do neurons switch to due to lack of oxygen?

• Fermentation

• Photosynthesis

• Anaerobic metabolism

• Aerobic metabolism

What is the main consequence of sodium buildup inside a neuron during a stroke?

• Neuron releases more ATP

• Neuron swells

• Neuron shrinks

• Neuron becomes more active

What is the term for the swelling of neurons due to water influx during a stroke?

• Cytotoxic edema

• Neurogenesis

• Synaptic pruning

• Neuroplasticity

What neurotransmitter is released due to high calcium levels in neurons?

• Dopamine

• Acetylcholine

• Serotonin

• Glutamate

What is the effect of excessive calcium on neuron enzymes?

• Enhances ATP production

• Inhibits neurotransmitter release

• Activates degradative enzymes

• Promotes neuron growth

What harmful substances are generated due to high calcium levels in neurons?

• Proteins

• Neurotransmitters

• Free radicals

• Antioxidants

What happens to mitochondria in neurons during a stroke?

• They become more efficient

• They break down and release apoptotic factors

• They produce more ATP

• They repair damaged neurons

What is the role of apoptotic factors released by mitochondria?

• Increase energy production

• Initiate cell repair

• Enhance neuron communication

• Trigger apoptosis cascade

What is the ultimate result of the apoptosis cascade in neurons?

• Neuron repair

• Neuron growth

• Neuron regeneration

• Neuron death