Who is credited with laying out the modern idea of modular arithmetic?

• Albert Einstein

• Carl Friedrich Gauss

• Isaac Newton

• Leonhard Euler

What is the remainder when you divide 7 by 5 in modular arithmetic?

• 3

• 1

• 0

• 2

In the context of integers mod 5, what acts as the identity element?

• The set of integers with remainder 1

• The set of integers with remainder 2

• The set of multiples of 5

• The set of integers with remainder 3

What is a coset in group theory?

• A set formed by adding a fixed element to each element of a subgroup

• A subgroup that contains the identity element

• A group that is closed under multiplication

• A set that overlaps with its subgroup

What is a normal subgroup?

• A subgroup that overlaps with its cosets

• A subgroup that is not closed under addition

• A subgroup that is not a part of any group

• A subgroup used to partition a group into cosets

What must be true for cosets to form a group?

• The group must be abelian

• The conjugate of the subgroup must equal the subgroup

• The group must be finite

• The cosets must overlap

What is a simple group?

• A group that is infinite

• A group that is always abelian

• A group with no normal subgroups other than the identity and the group itself

• A group with only one element

What is the role of normal subgroups in homomorphisms?

• They only apply to finite groups

• They determine the possible homomorphisms from a group to other groups

• They prevent homomorphisms from being formed

• They are irrelevant to homomorphisms

What is a composition series in the context of finite groups?

• A list of all elements in the group

• A chain of normal subgroups that acts like a prime factorization

• A series of cosets that overlap

• A sequence of numbers that add up to the group order

What is the significance of normal subgroups in Galois Theory?

• They are used to study fields

• They are irrelevant to Galois Theory

• They prevent the formation of fields

• They only apply to infinite groups