Understanding DNA Structure

What is the primary role of DNA in living organisms?

• To transport oxygen

• To store genetic information

• To digest food

• To provide energy

Who were the scientists credited with discovering the double-helix structure of DNA?

• Marie Curie and Rosalind Franklin

• James Watson and Francis Crick

• Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr

• Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

• Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine

• Adenine, Guanine, Uracil, Thymine

• Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil

• Adenine, Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine

According to Chargaff's Rules, which base pairs with Adenine?

• Cytosine

• Guanine

• Uracil

• Thymine

What is the sugar component of DNA called?

• Ribose

• Deoxyribose

• Glucose

• Fructose

What type of bond links nucleotides together in a DNA strand?

• Peptide bond

• Phosphodiester linkage

• Hydrogen bond

• Ionic bond

In DNA, what does the term 'antiparallel' refer to?

• The perpendicular orientation of the two strands

• The opposite orientation of the two strands

• The identical orientation of the two strands

• The parallel orientation of the two strands

What is the significance of the major and minor grooves in DNA?

• They help DNA to replicate

• They provide binding sites for proteins

• They store genetic information

• They allow DNA to be flexible

What is the directionality of the coding strand in DNA?

• 3’ to 5’

• 5’ to 3’

• 2’ to 4’

• 1’ to 6’

What is the distance between nitrogenous bases in the DNA helix?

• 10 nm

• 3.4 nm

• 1 nm

• 0.34 nm