What is the primary goal of a case control study?

• To determine the prevalence of a disease

• To establish a causal relationship between variables

• To conduct a randomized controlled trial

• To assess the association between an exposure and an outcome

In a case control study, what is the main characteristic of the 'control' group?

• They have the outcome of interest

• They are exposed to the risk factor

• They are randomly selected

• They are free of the outcome

Why are case control studies considered retrospective?

• They predict future outcomes

• They investigate past exposures

• They focus on current behaviors

• They analyze future exposures

What is recall bias in the context of case control studies?

• A systematic error due to differences in accuracy of recollections

• A bias in selecting study participants

• A tendency to forget recent events

• A preference for recalling positive experiences

Which historical study demonstrated a strong link between smoking and lung cancer?

• The Nurses' Health Study

• The Stanford Prison Experiment

• The Doll and Hill study

• The Framingham Heart Study