Spectroscopy and the Secrets of the Universe

What did Joseph von Fraunhofer notice when he observed sunlight through a prism?

• The entire spectrum was visible.

• There were dark lines where colors should be.

• The colors were more vibrant than expected.

• The spectrum was completely missing.

What did Kirchhoff and Bunsen discover about elements when heated?

• They emit light at specific wavelengths.

• They emit light at random wavelengths.

• They absorb all light.

• They do not emit any light.

What is the term for the spectrum produced when elements emit light at specific wavelengths?

• Emission spectrum

• Reflection spectrum

• Absorption spectrum

• Continuous spectrum

What happens to electrons in an atom when they absorb energy?

• They move to a lower energy state.

• They remain in the ground state.

• They jump to a higher energy state.

• They leave the atom completely.

What is the purpose of the diffraction grating in the DIY spectroscope?

• To block unwanted light.

• To magnify the light.

• To split light into its individual wavelengths.

• To focus the light into a single beam.

What did Vesto Slipher discover about the Andromeda Nebula's spectrum?

• It was shifted toward the blue end.

• It was identical to the sun's spectrum.

• It had no dark lines.

• It was shifted toward the red end.

What did Edwin Hubble conclude about the universe based on spectral observations?

• The universe is static.

• The universe is expanding.

• The universe is shrinking.

• The universe is contracting.

How can spectroscopy help in the search for extraterrestrial life?

• By detecting water on distant planets.

• By identifying chemical compounds in exoplanet atmospheres.

• By measuring the temperature of stars.

• By calculating the distance to galaxies.

What is the significance of dark lines in a star's spectrum when an exoplanet passes in front of it?

• They reveal the star's age.

• They show the star's rotation speed.

• They correspond to elements in the exoplanet's atmosphere.

• They indicate the star is dying.

What did Fraunhofer's missing lines eventually help scientists discover?

• The age of the sun.

• The temperature of the sun.

• The distance to the sun.

• The composition of the sun.