Folic Acid and Birth Defects Quiz

What was the primary outcome of the MRC vitamin study regarding folic acid?

• It reduced the risk of neural tube defects by 70%.

• It had no effect on birth defects.

• It was inconclusive.

• It increased the risk of birth defects.

What was a major limitation of the MRC vitamin trial?

• It only included women with a history of pregnancies affected by neural tube defects.

• It was conducted in only one country.

• It used low doses of folic acid.

• It only included women without any history of birth defects.

What did the Sloan Epidemiology Unit Birth Defects Study estimate about folic acid?

• It had no effect on birth defects.

• It increased the risk of birth defects.

• It reduced the risk of birth defects by 35%.

• It was harmful to pregnant women.

What is a potential issue with observational studies like the Sloan Epidemiology Unit Birth Defects Study?

• They can be affected by confounding factors.

• They are always more accurate than randomized trials.

• They do not require any data analysis.

• They are less expensive than randomized trials.

How did adjusting for variable L affect the estimated reduction in risk of birth defects?

• It decreased the estimated reduction from 35% to 20%.

• It had no effect on the estimated reduction.

• It increased the estimated reduction to 50%.

• It eliminated the estimated reduction entirely.